# Leviticus 05 📖: The Guilt Offering [[📚 Explore the Bible Books]] [[-Leviticus Overview]] | [[Leviticus 04]] | [[Leviticus 06]] > [!info] Table of Contents > [[#📜 Scripture Text (NET)]] > [[#📖 Verse-by-Verse Commentary]] > [[#🤔 Interesting Facts / Historical and Cultural Insights]] > [[#🧠 Chapter Summary]] > [[#✝️ Christ in This Chapter]] > [[#🔎 Key Principles / 🛟 Life Application]] > [[#💬 Discussion Questions]] > [[#✍️ Key Verses to Remember]] > [[#🔗 Related Passages/Cross Reference]] > [[#🙏 Devotional Reflection]] > [[#📂 Internal Notes]] ## 📜 Scripture Text (NET) (The NET Bible: New English Translation. Biblical Studies Press, 2005) ### Additional Sin-Offering Regulations [[#Verse 01.]] “‘When a person sins in that he hears a public curse against one who fails to testify and he is a witness (he either saw or knew what had happened) and he does not make it known, then he will bear his punishment for iniquity.  [[#Verse 02.]] Or when there is a person who touches anything ceremonially unclean, whether the carcass of an unclean wild animal, or the carcass of an unclean domesticated animal, or the carcass of an unclean creeping thing, even if he did not realize it, he has become unclean and is guilty;  [[#Verse 03.]] or when he touches human uncleanness with regard to anything by which he can become unclean, even if he did not realize it, but he has later come to know it and is guilty;  [[#Verse 04.]] or when a person swears an oath, speaking thoughtlessly with his lips, whether to do evil or to do good, with regard to anything which the individual might speak thoughtlessly in an oath, even if he did not realize it, but he has later come to know it and is guilty with regard to one of these oaths—  [[#Verse 05.]] when an individual becomes guilty with regard to one of these things he must confess how he has sinned,  [[#Verse 06.]] and he must bring his penalty for guilt to the Lord for his sin that he has committed—a female from the flock, whether a female sheep or a female goat, for a sin offering. So the priest will make atonement on his behalf for his sin. [[#Verse 07.]] “‘If he cannot afford an animal from the flock, he must bring his penalty for guilt for his sin that he has committed, two turtledoves or two young pigeons, to the Lord, one for a sin offering and one for a burnt offering.  [[#Verse 08.]] He must bring them to the priest and present first the one that is for a sin offering. The priest must pinch its head at the nape of its neck, but must not sever the head from the body.  [[#Verse 09.]] Then he must sprinkle some of the blood of the sin offering on the wall of the altar, and the remainder of the blood must be squeezed out at the base of the altar—it is a sin offering.  [[#Verse 10.]] The second bird he must make a burnt offering according to the standard regulation. So the priest will make atonement on behalf of this person for his sin which he has committed, and he will be forgiven. [[#Verse 11.]] “‘If he cannot afford two turtledoves or two young pigeons, he must bring as his offering for his sin which he has committed a tenth of an ephah of choice wheat flour for a sin offering. He must not place olive oil on it, and he must not put frankincense on it, because it is a sin offering.  [[#Verse 12.]] He must bring it to the priest, and the priest must scoop out from it a handful as its memorial portion and offer it up in smoke on the altar on top of the other gifts of the Lord—it is a sin offering.  [[#Verse 13.]] So the priest will make atonement on his behalf for his sin which he has committed by doing one of these things, and he will be forgiven. The remainder of the offering will belong to the priest like the grain offering.’” ### Guilt-Offering Regulations: Known Trespass [[#Verse 14.]] Then the Lord spoke to Moses:  [[#Verse 15.]] “When a person commits a trespass and sins by straying unintentionally from the regulations about the Lord’s holy things, then he must bring his penalty for guilt to the Lord, a flawless ram from the flock, convertible into silver shekels according to the standard of the sanctuary shekel, for a guilt offering.  [[#Verse 16.]] And whatever holy thing he violated he must restore and must add one-fifth to it and give it to the priest. So the priest will make atonement on his behalf with the guilt-offering ram and he will be forgiven. ### Unknown trespass [[#Verse 17.]] “If a person sins and violates any of the Lord’s commandments that must not be violated (although he did not know it at the time, but later realizes he is guilty), then he will bear his punishment for iniquity  [[#Verse 18.]] and must bring a flawless ram from the flock, convertible into silver shekels, for a guilt offering to the priest. So the priest will make atonement on his behalf for his error that he committed (although he himself had not known it) and he will be forgiven.  [[#Verse 19.]] It is a guilt offering; he was surely guilty before the Lord.” ## 📖 Verse-by-Verse Commentary ###### Overall. ###### Verse 01. ###### Verse 02. ###### Verse 03. ###### Verse 04. ###### Verse 05. ###### Verse 06. ###### Verse 07. ###### Verse 08. ###### Verse 09. ###### Verse 10. ###### Verse 11. ###### Verse 12. ###### Verse 13. ###### Verse 14. ###### Verse 15. ###### Verse 16. ###### Verse 17. ###### Verse 18. ###### Verse 19. ## 🤔 Interesting Facts / Historical and Cultural Insights 1. Leviticus 5:1-13 continues the sin offering with specific cases: withholding testimony, touching unclean things, and rash oaths. 2. This is the first place in Leviticus where confession is explicitly required (5:5). 3. The offering followed a sliding scale: a lamb or goat, two birds, or a tenth of an ephah of flour (5:6-11). 4. A tenth of an ephah was roughly two quarts of flour, though estimates vary. 5. The flour sin offering had no oil or frankincense (5:11), unlike the regular grain offering. 6. The guilt offering, *asham* in Hebrew, is introduced in 5:14. 7. The guilt offering required a ram plus repayment with an added fifth (5:15-16). 8. Values were figured by "the sanctuary shekel" (5:15), a standard weight. 9. Isaiah uses the same word, *asham*, for the Servant whose life becomes a guilt offering (Isaiah 53:10). 10. A guilt offering was required even when a person did not know he had sinned (5:17-19). ## 🧠 Chapter Summary > [!note] 🌱 Still growing. This section is on its way. ## ✝️ Christ in This Chapter Christ is the guilt offering who paid our debt in full. Isaiah foretold that the Servant's life would be made a guilt offering (Isaiah 53:10), and Jesus gave His life as a ransom for many (Mark 10:45). ## 🔎 Key Principles / 🛟 Life Application > [!note] 🌱 Still growing. This section is on its way. ## 💬 Discussion Questions 1. The guilty person had to confess the sin (5:5). Why is confession an important part of receiving forgiveness (1 John 1:9)? 2. God allowed birds or even flour for the poor (5:7, 11). What does this show about who can receive God's forgiveness? 3. Staying silent when you are a witness is called sin (5:1). Where might silence be sin for us today? ## ✍️ Key Verses to Remember - 📖 verse 5: When someone becomes guilty, he must confess how he has sinned. - 📖 verse 11: Someone too poor for birds may bring a tenth of an ephah of flour. - 📖 verse 15: A guilt offering for unfaithfulness regarding the Lord's holy things. ## 🔗 Related Passages/Cross Reference - 🔗 [[Isaiah 53#Verse 10.|Isaiah 53:10]] - The Servant's life made a guilt offering. - 🔗 [[1 John 01#Verse 09.|1 John 1:9]] - If we confess, He is faithful to forgive. - 🔗 [[Mark 10#Verse 45.|Mark 10:45]] - The Son of Man gives His life as a ransom. - 🔗 [[Proverbs 28#Verse 13.|Proverbs 28:13]] - Whoever confesses sin finds mercy. - 🔗 [[Psalm 32#Verse 05.|Psalm 32:5]] - I acknowledged my sin to You. ## 🙏 Devotional Reflection > [!note] 🌱 Still growing. This section is on its way. ## 📂 Internal Notes