# Ezekiel 32 đ: A Lament for Pharaoh
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> [!info] Table of Contents
> [[#đ Scripture Text (NET)]]
> [[#đ Verse-by-Verse Commentary]]
> [[#đ¤ Interesting Facts / Historical and Cultural Insights]]
> [[#đ§ Chapter Summary]]
> [[#âď¸ Christ in This Chapter]]
> [[#đ Key Principles / đ Life Application]]
> [[#đŹ Discussion Questions]]
> [[#âď¸ Key Verses to Remember]]
> [[#đ Related Passages/Cross Reference]]
> [[#đ Devotional Reflection]]
> [[#đ Internal Notes]]
## đ Scripture Text (NET)
(The NET Bible: New English Translation. Biblical Studies Press, 2005)
### Lamentation over Pharaoh and Egypt
[[#Verse 01.]] In the twelfth year, in the twelfth month, on the first of the month, the Lordâs message came to me:Â
[[#Verse 02.]]Â âSon of man, sing a lament for Pharaoh king of Egypt, and say to him:
ââYou were like a lion among the nations,
but you are a monster in the seas;
you thrash about in your streams,
stir up the water with your feet,
and muddy your streams.
[[#Verse 03.]] ââThis is what the Sovereign Lord says:
ââI will throw my net over you in the assembly of many peoples;
and they will haul you up in my dragnet.
[[#Verse 04.]]Â I will leave you on the ground,
I will fling you on the open field,
I will allow all the birds of the sky to settle on you,
and I will permit all the wild animals to gorge themselves on you.
[[#Verse 05.]]Â I will put your flesh on the mountains,
and fill the valleys with your maggot-infested carcass.
[[#Verse 06.]]Â I will drench the land with the flow
of your blood up to the mountains,
and the ravines will be full of your blood.
[[#Verse 07.]]Â When I extinguish you, I will cover the sky;
I will darken its stars.
I will cover the sun with a cloud,
and the moon will not shine.
[[#Verse 08.]]Â I will darken all the lights in the sky over you,
and I will darken your land,
declares the Sovereign Lord.
[[#Verse 09.]] I will disturb many peoples,
when I bring about your destruction among the nations,
among countries you do not know.
[[#Verse 10.]]Â I will shock many peoples with you,
and their kings will shiver with horror because of you.
When I brandish my sword before them,
every moment each one will tremble for his life, on the day of your fall.
[[#Verse 11.]] ââFor this is what the Sovereign Lord says: ââThe sword of the king of Babylon will attack you.
[[#Verse 12.]]Â By the swords of the mighty warriors I will cause your hordes to fallâ
all of them are the most terrifying among the nations.
They will devastate the pride of Egypt,
and all its hordes will be destroyed.
[[#Verse 13.]]Â I will destroy all its cattle beside the plentiful waters;
and no human foot will disturb the waters again,
nor will the hooves of cattle disturb them.
[[#Verse 14.]]Â Then I will make their waters calm,
and will make their streams flow like olive oil, declares the Sovereign Lord.
[[#Verse 15.]]Â When I turn the land of Egypt into desolation
and the land is destitute of everything that fills it,
when I strike all those who live in it,
then they will know that I am the Lord.â
[[#Verse 16.]]Â This is a lament; they will chant it.
The daughters of the nations will chant it.
They will chant it over Egypt and over all her hordes,
declares the Sovereign Lord.â
[[#Verse 17.]] In the twelfth year, on the fifteenth day of the month, the Lordâs message came to me:Â
[[#Verse 18.]] âSon of man, wail over the horde of Egypt. Bring it down; bring her and the daughters of powerful nations down to the lower parts of the earth, along with those who descend to the Pit.Â
[[#Verse 19.]] Say to them, âWhom do you surpass in beauty? Go down and be laid to rest with the uncircumcised!âÂ
[[#Verse 20.]]Â They will fall among those killed by the sword. The sword is drawn; they carry her and all her hordes away.
[[#Verse 21.]]Â The bravest of the warriors will speak to him from the midst of Sheol along with his allies, saying: âThe uncircumcised have come down; they lie still, killed by the sword.â
[[#Verse 22.]] âAssyria is there with all her assembly around her grave, all of them struck down by the sword.Â
[[#Verse 23.]] Their graves are located in the remote slopes of the Pit. Her assembly is around her grave, all of them struck down by the sword, those who spread terror in the land of the living.
[[#Verse 24.]]Â âElam is there with all her hordes around her grave; all of them struck down by the sword. They went down uncircumcised to the lower parts of the earth, those who spread terror in the land of the living. Now they will bear their shame with those who descend to the Pit.Â
[[#Verse 25.]] Among the dead they have made a bed for her, along with all her hordes around her grave. All of them are uncircumcised, killed by the sword, for their terror had spread in the land of the living. They bear their shame along with those who descend to the Pit; they are placed among the dead.
[[#Verse 26.]] âMeshech Tubal is there, along with all her hordes around her grave. All of them are uncircumcised, killed by the sword, for they spread their terror in the land of the living.Â
[[#Verse 27.]] They do not lie with the fallen warriors of ancient times, who went down to Sheol with their weapons of war, having their swords placed under their heads and their shields on their bones, when the terror of these warriors was in the land of the living.
[[#Verse 28.]]Â âBut as for you, in the midst of the uncircumcised you will be broken, and you will lie with those killed by the sword.
[[#Verse 29.]]Â âEdom is there with her kings and all her princes. Despite their might they are laid with those killed by the sword; they lie with the uncircumcised and those who descend to the Pit.
[[#Verse 30.]]Â âAll the leaders of the north are there, along with all the Sidonians; despite their might they have gone down in shameful terror with the dead. They lie uncircumcised with those killed by the sword, and bear their shame with those who descend to the Pit.
[[#Verse 31.]] âPharaoh will see them and be consoled over all his hordes who were killed by the sword, Pharaoh and all his army, declares the Sovereign Lord.
[[#Verse 32.]] Indeed, I terrified him in the land of the living, yet he will lie in the midst of the uncircumcised with those killed by the sword, Pharaoh and all his hordes, declares the Sovereign Lord.â
## đ Verse-by-Verse Commentary
###### Overall.
###### Verse 01.
###### Verse 02.
###### Verse 03.
###### Verse 04.
###### Verse 05.
###### Verse 06.
###### Verse 07.
###### Verse 08.
###### Verse 09.
###### Verse 10.
###### Verse 11.
###### Verse 12.
###### Verse 13.
###### Verse 14.
###### Verse 15.
###### Verse 16.
###### Verse 17.
###### Verse 18.
###### Verse 19.
###### Verse 20.
###### Verse 21.
###### Verse 22.
###### Verse 23.
###### Verse 24.
###### Verse 25.
###### Verse 26.
###### Verse 27.
###### Verse 28.
###### Verse 29.
###### Verse 30.
###### Verse 31.
###### Verse 32.
## đ¤ Interesting Facts / Historical and Cultural Insights
1. The first lament is dated to the twelfth year, twelfth month, first day (32:1), around 585 BC.
2. Pharaoh is compared to a young lion and a monster churning the waters (32:2).
3. God says He will catch Pharaoh in His net (32:3), language also used in hunting imagery from the ancient world.
4. Darkening the sun, moon, and stars (32:7-8) is prophetic language for the fall of a great power.
5. Darkness over Egypt echoes the ninth plague in Exodus, a blow against Egypt's sun god Ra.
6. Jesus uses similar language of darkened sun and falling stars in Matthew 24:29.
7. The second lament (32:17-32) describes a tour of the realm of the dead.
8. Assyria, Elam, Meshech and Tubal, Edom, and the Sidonians all lie in the Pit (32:22-30).
9. Elam was a kingdom east of Babylon, in what is now southwestern Iran.
10. The phrase "who spread terror in the land of the living" is repeated through the chapter (32:23-32).
## đ§ Chapter Summary
> [!note] đą Still growing. This section is on its way.
## âď¸ Christ in This Chapter
Christ is the One who conquered death and the grave. Pharaoh and the nations went down to the Pit with no escape (32:18-32), but Jesus holds the keys of death and Hades (Revelation 1:18).
## đ Key Principles / đ Life Application
> [!note] đą Still growing. This section is on its way.
## đŹ Discussion Questions
1. Pharaoh saw himself as a lion among the nations, but God saw a monster thrashing in the water (32:2). How does God's view of us differ from how we see ourselves?
2. Nation after nation lies in the Pit, those who once spread terror (32:22-30). What does this teach about the end of earthly power?
3. How does Jesus' victory over death change the way believers face it (1 Corinthians 15:54-57)?
## âď¸ Key Verses to Remember
- đ verse 2: Pharaoh thought he was a lion, but he was like a monster in the seas.
- đ verse 7: God will cover the heavens and darken the stars when Pharaoh falls.
- đ verse 18: Ezekiel wails for the hordes of Egypt going down to the Pit.
## đ Related Passages/Cross Reference
- đ [[Revelation 01#Verse 18.|Revelation 1:18]] - I hold the keys of death and Hades.
- đ [[Isaiah 14#Verse 09.|Isaiah 14:9-11]] - Sheol stirs to meet the fallen king.
- đ [[Matthew 24#Verse 29.|Matthew 24:29]] - The sun will be darkened.
- đ [[1 Corinthians 15#Verse 54.|1 Corinthians 15:54-57]] - Death is swallowed up in victory.
- đ [[Exodus 10#Verse 21.|Exodus 10:21-23]] - Darkness over the land of Egypt.
## đ Devotional Reflection
đ SOAP: [[Ezekiel 32 - SOAP|All Enemies Fall]]
## đ Internal Notes